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The day I pulled the CAPS

It was a day not unlike any other... early summer of 2006 if memory serves.  The air was warm but not oppressive and I was well rested and healthy.  I climbed into the cockpit with Brock sitting next to me in the left seat even though I was going to be the PIC for this flight.  I needed a little practice at shooting approaches. 

 

The weather was really crummy, which I thought was great.  I like a good challenge for approaches and there's nothing quite so satisfying as breaking out right at minimums to the view of the approach lights and a runway.  We ran through the checklist and I reached up to take the safety pin out of the Red Handle.  As I did this, I exchanged a knowing look with Brock.  He laughed.

 

Everything was going fine, ATC vectored us around for an ILS and I had that nagging "I'm bored" feeling... which always makes me nervous.  I double checked the checklists, verified the configuration, and made sure I had the Garmins and MFD set the way I wanted them.  Nothing else to do, so I briefed the approach again.  I was hand flying since that skill gets rusty first and it's my rule to never let the autopilot take me anywhere I wouldn't go by hand.  It wasn't very bumpy, so the trimmed airplane was easy to control almost hands-free.  I was a little less bored as we intercepted the localizer and actually started to feel pretty engaged about half way down the glide slope.  The winds were shifting around and I had to change my crab angle to hold course.  I think there might have been some thermals based on the power adjustments I needed to stay on the glide slope right at 100 knots. 

 

We got close to DA and I started calling out the last 200 feet: "200 to go..... 100 to go.... 50.... minimums."  I looked up and there was nothing, so we did the usual missed approach procedure.  We used the 4 C's of a missed at that time... we've expanded them to 5 since.  Up and away, we headed for the published hold where we'd figure out what to do next.  I entered the hold and got an EFC time from ATC.  The entry finished, I settled in and discussed the next approach with Brock. 

 

As I made my 3rd or 4th turn in the hold, I think we got a bit of an uneven thermal as my wing wasn't coming down as quickly as normal when I started to roll out on course.  I pushed a little harder, having felt this a few hundred times before.  Three seconds later the wing still wasn't coming down very fast and I got confused.  That's reeeeallly weird... and I found myself subconsciously pushing a little harder on the yoke to roll out of my 15 degree bank.  I lost a little altitude during all this so I applied a little aft pressure to bring us back up to altitude.  Two more seconds and I went from "Hm... odd..." to massive confusion.  Something was waaaay wrong.  I could feel my control inputs in the seat of my pants but nothing was happening on the PFD.  The G forces felt *wrong*.  It was then that I glanced down at my backup Attitude Indicator and saw a 90+ degree bank in the wrong direction.  One of these gages was lying to me.

 

I think it was then that my head started swimming... the G forces were really not what I knew they should be and I haven't been beyond 60 degrees bank in... years. 

 

That was it.  I think I said something along the lines of "Aw crap" and swiped the throttle and mixture back to idle.  I honestly don't remember if I did it with my right or left hand but it seemed like the red handle was being pulled simultaneously.  I never looked at the airspeed.

 

An eternity later, I was thrown hard against my restraints as the chute opened and began to slow us down.  We jerked back and forth, progressively less, for a few more seconds.  Whew!  I just pulled the chute!  What happened?  How did I get here?  Wait a minute... isn't there something else to do?   I started swiping switches off but remembered to give a quick mayday call before turning off all the electroics.  I was just getting to switching the fuel tanks to "off" when we passed through 500 feet AGL.  I hurried, braced, and felt the impact.

 

 

 

A few seconds later I could hear Cliff, the guy who was training me on how our full motion simulator works, chuckling behind me.  Time to have a chat.

 

At that point, I think I had around 5,000 hours in Cirrus aircraft and close to 6,000 total.  I flew between 700 and 900 hours a year in Cirrus airplanes (most of it spent teaching) and had done so for the past 6 years. 

 

Want to guess what got me?

 

-John Fiscus

Chief Pilot

The Flight Academy

www.theflightacademy.com    


Posted 12 Mar 2009 17:31 by John Fiscus

Comments

Buster Offutt wrote re: The day I pulled the CAPS
on 14 Mar 2009 10:20

John, just read your post on disorientation in IMC,  at least that is what my first guess is.

Was it the continuaiton of the series of turns as you flew the hold by hand instead of using the A/P, that possibly got your spatial disorientation started?

Without reference to outside horizon or references of any kind, was your inner ear balance mechanism starting to quit?

Anynow I am staying at a LaQuinta instead of a Holiday Inn Express this week, so I may be wrong?

Let me know fly safe fly often, Buster O.

John Fiscus wrote re: The day I pulled the CAPS
on 15 Mar 2009 10:12

Hi Buster,

It was indeed spatial disorientation, but it was greatly enhanced by a very simple failure.

As I was mostly through a turn and about to start rolling out, Cliff failed my AHRS such that the horizon froze.  It continued to show a 20 degree bank to the left and the motion of me rolling out slowly tricked me into thinking I was getting uneven lift that kept me from rolling out.  Spatial disorientation is fascinating.

In about 10 seconds or so I went from about 20 degrees left bank to nearly 90 degrees bank right.  I could feel something wrong about half way through that 10 seconds, but I did not look at my backup AI.  You can bet that such a feeling now triggers a double check from me.  I didn't start rolling the plane out very quickly, I'm a big fan of moving slowly and steadily... but the false uneven lift indication made me push a little harder, and a little harder still.  The roll back to the right happened at a greater and greater rate but I was virtually unaware of it, at first.  

To add a bit of insult to the totalled plane, the warning box saying "Crosscheck Attitude" popped up shortly after I had deployed the CAPS.  This is just like it would probably work in the real airplane too... about 15 to 20 seconds after the failure, you get a light.  They program that delay in on purpose to make sure you don't get false positives... but in my case it came too late.  

The inner ear was working just fine... but it's actually not a very good stand-alone balance mechanism for the body.  Roughly 70% of your balance information comes from the eyes and is corroborated by the vestibular senses of the inner ear.  This is a pretty big tidbit... as it is exactly the disconnect that got me.  My eyes told me what was happening (via the AI), my innner ear mostly agreed at first.  

It would appear that LaQuinta didn't steer you totally wrong... but then, neither did my inner ear!

Safe flying!

-John

Jon Butts wrote re: The day I pulled the CAPS
on 15 Mar 2009 14:01

Nice ILAFFT(S) (I learned about flying from that - simulator). Thanks John.

mitchell kasdin wrote re: The day I pulled the CAPS
on 17 Mar 2009 9:28

my instructor was old school. I learned on a steam gauge plane and what old time pilots would do for malfunctions of the instrument would be to take a piece of string and tie it to the ceiling of the cockpit with a quarter hanging down. If the quarter was not hanging you were probably inverted? Likewise if the quarter was on either side of the plane than you were banked to one side or the other. Simple - gravity doesn't lie. This $.26 would have saved your $300k investment.

John Fiscus wrote re: The day I pulled the CAPS
on 17 Mar 2009 15:58

Hey Jon,

Thank you!  I certainly did learn a lot about flying from that.  A little errie that I wrote it a few days prior to a real CAPS pull... I'm glad that pilot is still alive and hope with fingers crossed that I never find myself in a situation that needs me to touch that red handle again.  If I do, though, at least I know I'm ready to go all the way!

John Fiscus wrote re: The day I pulled the CAPS
on 17 Mar 2009 15:59

Hi Mitchell,

You and I, I think we had a similar instructor.  Unfortunately, their logic doesn't always work as my instructor showed me and as is demonstrable easily enough.  

Gravity doesn't lie, but an uncoordinated airplane with centrifugal forces acting on it does.  The string and quarter (we used a heavy cross pendant, to unlerine the *gravity* of the situation, if you'll pardon the pun) will move in the direction the ball moves... so you could be banked one way and think you were going the other due to the centrifugal forces.  Go up and try it sometime with a CFI while covering all your instruments.  It's quite the eye opener!  

What's more, in my situation, there was ZERO time to hang anything from anywhere.  I went from perfectly controlled to knife edged in about 15 seconds or so.  The last thing on my mind would be doing anything BUT pulling the parachute in an airplane so equipped.  I would rather not take my chances with continued flight in a confusing situation  Twenty six cents weighs more than my life, but 300k sure doesn't.  Fortunately for me, this experience didn't even cost me a dime!  That's the magic of a full motion simulator.  If you've never done it before, give it a try!

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